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  1. Arabic
  2. الإمارات العربية المتحدة توافق على نظام جديد لمكافآت نهاية الخدمة لموظفي القطاع الخاص
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الإمارات العربية المتحدة توافق على نظام جديد لمكافآت نهاية الخدمة لموظفي القطاع الخاص


أقرّ مجلس الوزراء الإماراتي، مؤخراً، خطة إنشاء صناديق إدخاريّة وإستثماريّة للعاملين في القطاع الخاص والمناطق الحرّة في الدولة، والتي تعدّ بديلًا عن النظام الحالي الذي يقضي بدفع مكافأة نهاية الخدمة للعاملين عند نهاية خدمتهم.

سيكون الانضمام للنظام اختياريًّا لأصحاب العمل، والذي بموجبه سيُطلب منهم تقديم مساهمة شهريّة للصندوق المختار، تحت إشراف هيئة الأوراق المالية والسلع في دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة بالتنسيق مع وزارة الموارد البشرية والتوطين.

من المرجح أن يتضمن النظام ثلاثة خيارات استثمارية: 1) خيار الاستثمار الخالي من المخاطر (الذي سيحافظ على رأس المال)؛ 2) خيارات الاستثمار ذات المخاطر المنخفضة أو المتوسطة أو العالية؛ و3) خيار الاستثمار الذي يتوافق مع مبادئ الشريعة الإسلامية.

في نهاية فترة الخدمة، يحقّ للموظف الحصول على المدّخرات (المساهمات المقدمة من صاحب العمل) وعوائد الاستثمار على أساس خيار الاستثمار الذي تم اختياره. أما إذا تم توقيف الموظف عن العمل ، فيمكن للاخير الاستمرار في الصندوق دون مساهمات إضافية من صاحب العمل السابق شرط عدم سحب المدخرات وعوائدها.

الجدير ذكره، أنه من غير المطلوب من أصحاب العمل المشاركين دفع مكافأة نهاية الخدمة للموظفين عند نهاية عملهم، إلا أن هناك مزايا يجب أن يدفعها أصحاب العمل عند نهاية فترة الخدمة، مثل تذاكر السفر للعودة، الإجازات السنوية غير المستخدمة، وغيرها من المزايا التعاقدية الاخرى.

علاوة على ذلك، ليس مطلوبًا من أصحاب العمل حاليًا إدخال المخصصات المتعلقّة بالتزاماتهم بمزايا نهاية الخدمة في دفاترهم الحسابية، اذ تعتبر مكافآت نهاية الخدمة مستحقة وواجبة الدفع للموظف فقط عند نهاية فترة عمله.

من جهة أخرى، عندما يواجه صاحب العمل صعوبات مالية، فغالبًا لا قدرة له على دفع مستحقات نهاية الخدمة لموظفيه، ولكن بموجب النظام الجديد، سيتعيّن على أصحاب العمل تقديم اشتراكات شهرية، وسيتمكن الذين قاموا بالفعل بدفع هذه الإشتراكات من حماية بعض مزايا نهاية الخدمة على الأقل لموظفيهم ، حتى لو كانوا يعانون من مشاكل مالية.

وتجدر الاشارة الى أن حاليًا لا يوجد أي نظام مماثل في دولة الإمارات باستثناء نظام التقاعد الذي ينطبق فقط على موظفي دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي ونظام الادخار في مكان العمل الخاص بموظفي مركز دبي المالي العالمي.

ومن المتوقع صدور التشريعات التفصيلية المتعلقة بالنظام وتنفيذه في الوقت المناسب.

*بشير أحمد وساورب كوثاري محاميان لدى شركة (Afridi & Angell) وهي شركة عضو في Lex Mundi، في دبي، الإمارات العربية المتحدة. © 2023 Afridi & Angell. جميع الحقوق محفوظة. أعيد نشرها بإذن من Lexology.


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