A union shop, also called a union security clause, is a provision included in the collective bargaining agreement to ensure union security. It requires employees to belong to or pay dues to the union as a condition of retaining employment.
Union shops are permitted only in states that have not passed "right-to-work" laws prohibiting practices that force employees to join or pay dues or fees to a labor union.
As a result of a 2018 U.S. Supreme Court ruling, states and public-sector unions may not require government employees to pay agency fees, essentially making every state a right-to-work state for the public sector.
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